1700' would be feasible if they don't plan on carrying anything. 2500 or 3000 feet would be more reasonable.
The Herk can start completely self-contained (i.e. no external equipment)
One guy can start the plane if he had to. Remember that an older Herk would need a flight engineer in addition to two pilots. Normally the Loadmaster stands outside the plane and monitors the engines during start as well, but you could get away without that.
Normally if there's an emergency and we haven't taken off yet, we don't takeoff, so there's no checklist for that situation. If you are taking off from an LZ with guys shooting at you, you would do a max effort takeoff, but there is no difference in the "before takeoff checklist."
If your pilots are Russians flying around Asia, it would make sense for them to fly an AN-12, the Russian Herk knockoff. Those things are everywhere over there.
Hope that helps.